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Investment glossary
Every term explained the way a friend would — no jargon, no assumptions.
All (37)
Basics (4)
Returns (7)
Risk (9)
Products (6)
Tax & legal (6)
Fees (5)
37 terms
Asset
Anything you own that has value.
Portfolio
Your full collection of investments.
Diversification
Spreading money across different things.
Inflation
Prices rising over time, reducing what money buys.
Compound interest
Earning returns on your returns.
Return
How much your investment earned.
Dividend
A share of a company's profits paid to you.
Capital gain
Profit from selling something at a higher price.
Yield
Regular income as a percentage of investment value.
Rebalancing
Restoring your original investment split.
Benchmark
A reference index to measure performance against.
Volatility
How much a price jumps up and down.
Risk
The chance that an investment loses value.
Drawdown
The drop from a peak to the lowest point.
Liquidity
How quickly you can sell and get your money back.
Counterparty risk
The risk that the other party fails to deliver.
Inflation risk
The risk that inflation erodes your real returns.
Currency risk
Loss from exchange rate changes.
Concentration risk
Too much in one investment.
Bear market
A prolonged period of falling prices.
ETF
A fund you can buy and sell like a stock.
UCITS
EU-regulated fund standard for retail investors.
Index fund
A fund that copies a market index.
Bond
A loan you make to a government or company.
REIT
A fund that owns real estate and pays rental income.
Money market fund
A very safe fund for short-term cash.
Capital gains tax
Tax on profit when you sell an investment.
Double taxation
Being taxed on the same income in two countries.
Tax residency
The country where you pay income tax.
Withholding tax
Tax deducted at source before you receive income.
Capital controls
Government restrictions on moving money abroad.
ISA / Tax wrapper
A special account where investments grow tax-free.
TER
Total annual cost of a fund, as a percentage.
Spread
The gap between buying and selling price.
Management fee
Annual fee paid to fund managers.
Custody fee
Fee for holding your investments safely.
Transaction fee
Cost charged every time you buy or sell.